CP-91149

CP-91149 displays 200-fold higher inhibitory activity against human liver glycogen phosphorylase a (HLGPa) than caffeine (IC50 = 26 μM). This compound (10-100 μM) inhibits -stimulated glycogenolysis in isolated rat hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and in primary human hepatocytes with IC50 of ~2.1 μM. [1] It also potently inhibits the activities of human muscle phosphorylase a and b with IC50 of 0.2 μM and ~0.3 μM, respectively. Treatment with this chemical at 2.5 μM induces inactivation of phosphorylase and sequential activation of glycogen synthase in hepatocytes, and increases glycogen synthesis by 7-fold at 5 mM glucose and by 2-fold at 20 mM glucose. It can partially counteract the effects of phosphorylase overexpression. [2] This compound also potently inhibits brain GP with IC50 of 0.5 μM in A549 cells. Treatment at 10-30 μM causes significant glycogen accumulation in A549 and HSF55 cells. It treatment increases G1-phase cells with a significant reduction of the S-phase population in HSF55 cells, correlated with increased expression of p21 and p27. [3] This chemical also promotes the dephosphorylation and activation of GS (glycogen synthase) in non-engineered or GP-overexpressing cultured human muscle cells, but exclusively in glucose-deprived cells. [4]

Oral administration of CP-91149 to diabetic ob/ob mice at 25-50 mg/kg causes rapid (3 hours) glucose lowering by 100-120 mg/dl without producing hypoglycemia, resulting from inhibition of glycogenolysis in vivo. This compound treatment does not lower glucose levels in normoglycemic, nondiabetic mice. [1] In the non-fasted Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, administration of this chemical in combination with CS-917 suppresses hepatic glycogen reduction by CS-917 and decreases plasma glucose more than single administration of CS-917. [5]

• Phosphorylase 효소 분석

  인체 간 글리코겐 Phosphorylase a (HLGPa, 85 ng) 활성은 50 mM Hepes (pH 7.2), 100 mM KCl, 2.5 mM EGTA, 2.5 mM MgCl₂, 0.5 mM glucose-1-phosphate 및 1 mg/mL 글리코겐을 포함하는 100 μL 완충액에서 22°C 조건 하에 glucose-1-phosphate로부터 인산염이 방출되는 글리코겐 합성 방향으로 측정됩니다. 인산염은 10 mg/mL 암모늄 몰리브데이트 및 0.38 mg/mL 말라카이트 그린을 포함하는 1 M HCl 150 μL를 첨가한 후 20분이 지난 시점에 620 nm에서 측정됩니다. 14% DMSO 5 μL에 용해된 이 화합물의 농도를 증가시키면서 분석에 첨가합니다.

• 세포주

  HSF55 and T98G

• 농도

  Dissolved in DMSO, final concentrations ~50 μM

• 배양 시간

  72 hours

• 방법

  Cells are exposed to various concentrations of CP-91149 for 72hours. Viability is determined with manual cell counts following staining with trypan blue exclusion assay. Cells are fixed with 70% ethanol. DNA is stained with propidium iodide and the intensity of fluorescence is measured using a Becton-Dickinson flow cytometer at 488nm for excitation and at 650nm for emission. The cell cycle profile is analyzed using Modifit's Sync Wizard.

• 동물 모델

  Obese, diabetic male C57BL/6J-Lep^(ob/ob) mice and their lean, nondiabetic C57BL/6J-/+ littermates

• 용량

  ~50 mg/kg

• 투여

  Orally